- インタラクティヴ読書ノート別館の別館
the conditions of agricultural growth: the economics of agrarin change under population pressure
- 比較外交政策 (2)
the leaders who sit atop organizations are no monolith. rather, each individual in this group is, in his or her won right, a player in a central, competitive game. the name of the game is politics: bargaining along regular circuits among players positioned hierarchically within the government. government behavior can thus be understood according to a third conceptual model, not as organizational outputs but as results of bargaining games. outcomes are formed, and deformed, by the interaction of competing preferences. in contrast with model i, the governmental politics model sees no unitary actor but rather many actors as players: players who focus not on a single strategic issue but on many diverse intranational problems as well; players who act in terms of no consistent set of strategic objectives but rather according to various conceptions of national, organizational, and personal goals; players who make government decisions not by a single, rational choice but by the pulling and hauling that is politics. (allison, g. and p. zelikow [1999]. essence of decision: explaining the cuban missile crisis, 2d ed. new york, longman, p. 255.) increasing the number of participants in a decision process beyond a single mind helps decision maker dodge many obvious pitfalls. he or she will be less likely to misconceive the issue, neglect relevant interests in settling on one objective rather than another, or misestimate consequences, among other dangers. but these benefits have a price: namely, the inclusion of additional, autonomous interests. (p. 271). クラズナーの「国益」概念を誤読していたように、アリソンの「官僚政治モデル」についても、著者は読者に誤解を招くような議論をしているように思えます
- スパイクナードのストレス調整抗酸化作用
stress modulating antioxidant effect of nardostachys jatamansi
- 今週の金曜日と土曜日はお祭り騒ぎ。
special guest soundはjam massive(広島) special guest liveはpeterman(大阪)guan chai(横浜)key rock(広島)rueed(横須賀)tak-z(大阪)dribbla(広島)mega bose(愛媛)dandimite(広島)jah iva(高知)この面子…かなりヤバい
|
