- Golf and the great Lao land grab
Anger among residents of communities outside the Laotian capital of Vientiane is rising over government orders that their land will soon be converted into an 18-hole golf course and luxury resort. The compensation on offer is well below market prices, the latest in a series of land grabs carried out as part of the communist government's new market-led development model. - Beaumont Smith (Jan 20, '10) ビエンチャンのラオスの首都以外の地域社会の住民の間で怒り政府の命令は、彼らの土地をすぐに18ホールのゴルフコースや高級リゾートに変換されます以上上昇している
- Poland votes for new president after plane crash
Billed as the strangest election in Poland's 21-year post-communist history, it was called after the death of President Lech Kaczynski and much of the country's political and military elite in a plane crash on April 10. ポーランドの21歳のポスト共産主義歴史の中で奇妙な選挙と銘打たれた、それは呼ばれていた大統領レフカチンスキの死の後、多くの国の政治的、軍事的エリートの飛行機事故で4月10日
- China set to raise key policy rates
Communist China's highest political body, the Politburo, has said it will shift to a “prudent” monetary policy stance next year. This is seen as an indication of a move to raise interest rates, which will surely worry foreign investors. 共産主義の中国の政治の最高機関は、政治局は、。。u0026quot;慎重な。。u0026quot;金融政策スタンスは来年に移行すると述べている
- Cuban lawmakers hear bleak economic report
Cuba's economy minister delivered a bleak and unforgiving assessment of the communist-run island's finances on Wednesday.
キューバの経済大臣は、水曜日に共産主義経営の島の財政の荒涼と厳しい評価を伝えた
- CUBA: Castro to allow more private sector jobs in significant shift for Cuba
Cuban President Raul Castro told lawmakers Sunday that he would allow more small private businesses and self-employment, a significant shift for the Caribbean island's state-controlled communist regime. キューバのラウルカストロは17日、彼はより小さな民間企業と自営、カリブ海の島の状態制御共産主義政権の重要なシフトできるようになる議員を語った
- Cuba to eliminate half a million state jobs
Cuba will eliminate more than half a million state jobs over the next six months as part of a push to raise productivity in the communist-ruled island, the country's main labor organization said Monday.Workers laid off from government jobs will no longer be sent home with partial pay, but will have to find other means to make a living, the Cuban Worker's Central, or CTC by its Spanish acronym, said. キューバは共産主義が支配する島で、生産性を高めるためにプッシュの一環として、今後6カ月以上50万以上の状態のジョブを排除する、国の主要労働団体は、もはや家に送信される政府の仕事から解雇されたMonday.Workersを言った部分的な賃金で、しかし、生活を、キューバの労働者の中央、またはCTC、スペインの頭字語で行うために他の手段を見つける必要があると述べた
- Happy global greeting for 2011
Dazzling fireworks lit up Sydney Harbour, communist Vietnam held a rare Western-style countdown to the new year and Japanese revellers released balloons carrying notes with people's hopes and dreams as the world ushered in 2011.In... 眩しい花火大会は、シドニーハーバーを照らし、共産主義のベトナムは、人々の夢や希望2011.In.で幕を開けた世界と同じようにノートを持って新しい年にまれな西洋スタイルのカウントダウンを、日本の飲み騒ぐリリース風船開催..
- Hundreds of Czech spies named online in archive blunder
Director fired after the identities of 380 communist-era agents are revealedA Czech government institute mistakenly posted the names of hundreds of former military intelligence agents online.The Security Services Archive of the Institute for the Study of Totalitarian Regimes published in March a database of thousands of communist-era agents.But 380 of them continued to work for the military intelligence after the 1989 collapse of communism and the database, which was available online until June, was not supposed to contain their details.The institute acknowledged it made a mistake. The archive director, Ladislav Bukovszky, was fired.Defence ministry spokesman, Jan Pejsek, said the disclosure was a problem but did not pose a risk for the intelligence service's operations because no names of current agents were disclosed.Czech Republicguardian.co.uk © Guardian News & Media Limited 2010 | Use of this content is subject to our Terms & Conditions | More Feeds
監督は、380共産主義時代のエージェントの身元後火力はrevealedAチェコ政府機関です誤ってonline.Theセキュリティサービスアーカイブ研究所全体主義体制3月に何千ものデータベースを公開されての検討のための旧軍情報部の要員数百人の名前を投稿それらの共産主義時代のagents.Butは380軍事情報のオンライン6月まで、そのdetails.The研究所を含めることはミスを認めたはずではなかった共産主義とデータベース、1989年崩壊後の作業を続けた
- Video: British Pathé archive: Ronald Reagan testifies at the House Un-American Activities Committee
Hollywood stars - including future president Ronald Reagan - give testimony before the anti-communist House Un-American Activities Committee, chaired by J Parnell Thomas, who would later be convicted for fraud
ハリウッドスターが - 将来の大統領ロナルドレーガンを含む - 反共産主義のハウス非米活動委員会での証言を与え、後に詐欺で有罪とされるjはパーネルトーマス、議長を務める
- A building boom of towering heights
Huaxi township in the Yangtze River Delta is a symbol of how Chinese communists embraced capitalism to lift 300 million people out of poverty during the past three decades.
長江デルタの華西街区どのように中国の共産主義のシンボルと貧困のうち、過去30年間に300百万人を解除する資本主義を受け入れています
- North Korea jails relatives of economic officials – report
Human rights group says regime has rounded up 34 people after executing officials blamed for botched currency reformNorth Korea sent relatives of former economic officials to a prison camp over the country's botched currency reform, a South Korean aid group has said.The ministry of state security sent 34 family members of former economic chief Pak Nam Gi and others to a detention centre on the outskirts of the northern city of Hoeryong last month, Seoul-based Good Friends said.The communist north redenominated its currency late last year to fight inflation and reassert control over its burgeoning market economy. The measure reportedly sparked unrest as it left many North Koreans stuck with piles of worthless bills.Pak spearheaded the reform as the former finance and planning department chief of the ruling Workers' party. He and an unidentified senior official were reportedly executed by a firing squad at a Pyongyang stadium in March as punishment for the policy failure.On 14 June the relatives of Pak and other officials were collected and forced into a wagon before being sent to the prison camp, the organisation reported, citing an unidentified official at the north's security ministry.The authorities transported the relatives in the middle of night in part to keep it a secret and avoid international criticism, the official was quoted as saying.South Korea's unification ministry, which handles relations with the north, said it could not immediately confirm the report. The National Intelligence Service – the country's main spy agency – said it was investigating.North Korea is one of the world's most isolated nations and its radios and TV sets receive only broadcasts by state media. One way monitoring agencies and aid groups in Seoul such as Good Friends get information f 人権グループは、政権が職員をしくじった通貨reformNorth韓国は国のしくじった通貨改革をめぐる捕虜収容所、韓国の援助グループ元経済官僚の親戚を送って非難の実行後に34人を切り上げている国家の安全保障の複式部を送っている元経。室長朴南基、先。。北部の都市の郊外に拘置所に他の34家族が、ソウルベースの良い友達が共産主義。昨年末インフレと戦うために、コントロールを再びその通貨をredenominated複式その急成長市場経済の上
- Mainland workers flex their muscles
If these factory strikes continue, China may have to go communist. It's tempting to wonder which way the mainland will go. Will it side with demands for higher pay and let strikes broaden?
これらの工場のストライキが続けば、中国は共産主義に行く必要があります
- Former Russian PM dies - report
MOSCOW - Russian state news agency RIA Novosti is reporting that former Prime Minister Viktor Chernomyrdin, who held the post in the turbulent 1990s as Russia was throwing off communism and developing into a market economy, has died... モスクワ - ロシアの国営新華社通信ノーボスチ通信が死亡したロシアは共産主義をオフに投げていたとして、発展途上市場経済への乱1990年代のポストを保持したことを元首相チェルノムイルジンを、報告しています...
- Military-style efficiency key to success for China XLX
Many mainland cadres turned their back on doctrinaire communism to become businessmen when Beijing began to loosen its ideological grip in the 1990s.
多くの本。幹部は、ビジネスマンが中国政府が1990年代に、その思想グリップを緩めるようになったなって共産主義を教条主義的に背を向けた
- Nepal's PM says to resign
Nepal's prime minister Madhav Kumar Nepal said early Saturday he would resign after the former communist rebels supported his proposal to extend the term of parliament so it can draft a new constitution to end years of civil war and strife.
The term of Nepali Constituent Assembly has finally been extended for a year with 580 votes in favor and five against, at a meeting of parliament.
Speaker Subas Nembang announced the term extension at 1:25 a.m. on Saturday.
&$&$Source: Xinhua&$</ ... ネパールの首相マダブクマールネパールは、闘争と早期市民と戦争の期間を議会年ほど、それができる最後に新しい憲法を起草土曜日拡張するためにサポートされて彼の提案を反政府勢力は共産主義の元彼が退陣した
- From the archive, 21 October 1947: Communist infiltration in Hollywood
Originally published in the Manchester Guardian on 21 October 1947NEW YORK, OCTOBER 20In Washington is now being presented one of those extraordinary public spectacles which come to full flowering only in this country. The committee of the House of Representatives on un-American activities has begun a solemn survey of the question of Communism in Hollywood.Perhaps in order not to appear too judicial the committee has announced in advance of its inquiry that it is convinced that there is a large and dangerous degree of the revolutionary spirit in Hollywood: this judgement might be based on the preliminary inquiry conducted there some months ago. Many witnesses will be Hollywood actors or directors who had been dragged wholesale to Washington by the committee at great personal inconvenience.One of the purposes of the present investigation is to prove that during the war the Federal Government brought pressure on Hollywood to make pro-Russian films, or at least to abstain from making films hostile to Russia, which was the United States' ally. Those who know Hollywood intimately say that it is indeed true that there are some Communists among the actors, writers, and directors. But they are few and if they have been able to put Communist propaganda into films no one can remember having seen it. The passages which are cited by the Un-American Activities Committee usually consist of mild statements that democracy is a good thing or that poor people should have enough to eat.This committee is the same one which some years ago under a different chairman solemnly accused Shirley Temple, then aged about ten, of being a Communist. The actual control of a Hollywood product rests in the hands of the owners of the great film companies who are almost invariably wealthy and conservative もともと10月21日1947NEWニューヨークのマンチェスターガーディアンに公開され、10月20インチワシントンは今、この国だけで完全に開花して来る人特別公開眼鏡のいずれかを提示されています
- Philippines: 43 suspected rebels freed
Philippine President Benigno Aquino III ordered prosecutors Friday to drop criminal charges against 43 health workers arrested by the army as suspected communist rebels 10 months ago, saying their rights were violated.The detainees,... フィリピン大統領のベニグノアキノIIIは、自分たちの権利はviolated.The拘禁されたと言って、10か月前疑われる共産主義勢力として軍によって逮捕された43の医療従事者に対する刑事告発を削除する金曜日検察を命じた...
- Free press the communists ignored
Should communist authorities ever embrace reform, the island's Chinese may hint at what's to come. At Cuba's only privately run newspaper, it doesn't take much to stop the presses. It's a wonder they even get started.The language... 来ているかすべき共産主義当局はこれまでの改革を受け入れ、島の中国人がでヒントがあります
- Kim Jong-il's youngest son 'being groomed for North Korean leadership'
Speculation about Kim Jong-un role in North's succession plans has intensified since leader reportedly had stroke in 2008The youngest son of the North Korean leader, Kim Jong-il, became a member of parliament last year, South Korean news reports said today.The reports are another sign that Kim Jong-un is being groomed to succeed his father as the head of the communist regime. It is widely believed that 68-year-old Kim plans to hand power to his third son at some point, although little is known about him. Speculation about the North's succession plans has intensified since the senior Kim reportedly had a stroke in 2008. He has led North Korea since 1994, when he took power in a hereditary succession.Kim Jong-un reportedly ran for a parliamentary seat in elections last March. His name, however, was not on the list of Supreme People's Assembly legislators, sparking speculation that he may not have run in the polls or could have used an alias.On Tuesday, the mass-circulation Dong-a Ilbo newspaper quoted a high-level western source as saying Kim was elected in the rubber-stamp legislature's Constituency No 216. The source said he obtained the information from unidentified North Korean figures about two months after the vote.Another national daily, JoongAng Ilbo, carried a similar report, saying the comments would confirm that Kim had formally entered government service after being touted as the North's next leader.The paper also said Constituency No 216 has a special meaning in North Korea because Kim Jong-il's birthday falls on 16 February. It said the western source spoke during a meeting with journalists in Seoul yesterday.A spokesman at South Korea's main spy agency, the National Intelligence Service, said his organisation believed there was a low probability the younger 北朝鮮の後継計画に金正日ウン役割について憶測以来、指導者が伝え2008The韓国北朝鮮の指導者、金正日の息子をストロークしていた、議会のメンバーは昨年、韓国の報道によるとなって強まっているtoday.Theレポート共産主義政権の責任者として父親を成功するために手入れされている金正日ウン別の記号です
- How China's state investment fund works
The China Investment Corporation (CIC), tipped as a backer for the Liverpool FC buyout, has more than $330bn to splash out and an open mind on how to spend itThe China Investment Corporation (CIC) is a sovereign wealth fund set up three years ago by the communist government to get better returns from its huge foreign exchange reserves.The world's most populous country has stockpiled an estimated $2 trillion (£1.26tn) of currency because it exports many more billions of pounds of goods and services than it imports. The CIC, which is sitting on an investment war chest of some $332bn, is open-minded about where and what type of company it invests in. For example, its portfolio includes stakes in a Canadian coal mining company in Mongolia.The CIC has a complex structure with three layers of management including a board of directors, a board of supervisors and an overarching executive committee. However, power ultimately rests with Beijing's state council.The fund's investment gurus got off to a bad start in 2007 when investments in US bank Morgan Stanley and the stock market flotation of private equity firm Blackstone turned sour, earning it heavy criticism at home.Chastened, the CIC sat on the sidelines for much of 2008 before making a string of investments in commodities, mining assets and property – including taking a stake in Canary Wharf owner Songbird Estates – in 2009.At the start of this year the fund made a substantial investment in another private equity firm, Apax Partners, but if it were to back the buyout of Liverpool football club, it would be its first investment of this type.Sovereign wealth fundsChinaLiverpoolZoe Woodguardian.co.uk © Guardian News & Media Limited 2010 | Use of this content is subject to our Terms & Conditions | More Feeds
中国投資法人は、（CIC）は、リバプールFCの買収のための後援者として、チップソードル以上を330bnと心を開いitThe中国投資公社（CIC）を過ごす方法をスプラッシュしているソブリンウェルスファンドは3年を設定共産主義政府によって前の推定2兆ドル（£ 1.26tn）通貨のそれは商品やそれ以上にサービスの輸入ポンドの多くの億をエクスポートするために備蓄ている巨大な外国為替reserves.Theの世界で最も人口の多い国からより良いリターンを得るため
- NPA attack threatens Philippines talks
The Philippines on Sunday condemned a communist rebel attack that killed eight policemen and a local official, and said the incident could derail planned resumption of peace talks. フィリピンは日曜日に、地元の関係者は8人の警官が死亡した共産主義反政府勢力の攻撃を非難し、事件が和平交渉の再開を計画して脱線と述べた
- Russian parliament decides not to amend children adoption law
The State Duma, the upper chamber of Parliament, has refused to support a bill drafted by the Communist faction that proposed to ban the adoption of Russian children by foreigners, the RBC news agency reported Friday.
The bill's authors also asked the government to speed up the signing of a Russia-U.S. inter-government agreement on the same matter.
The Duma's Committee on Family, Women and Children Affairs said it declined the bill because the government had no power to stop adoption of Ru ... 下院は、チャンバの議会上、外国人の子供ロシアが拒否の採用を禁止することを提。。共産主義の法案を起草支援、赤血球のニュース機関が報じた
- Troubled Indian state to get steel plant
The site is a patch of arid wasteland ringed by a half-built wall, just off the potholed road from the flyblown town of Midnapore in West Bengal.There is little to indicate it is the cause of a murderous gang fight pitting Communists,... このサイトは乾燥した荒れ地の半分に囲まれたのパッチは、くぼみのある道路からちょっと入った西Bengal.ThereでMidnaporeの腐敗した町からの壁を作ったのを示すためにはほとんどない残忍なギャングと戦う共産主義者食、..の原因である
- Vietnam success 'holds hope for Africa'
Vietnam's success in developing agriculture and transforming itself into a major exporter is an example for Africa, where the communist nation is seeking to increase its ties, officials said Tuesday. 農業と主要輸出国に変身させるためのベトナムの成功は、アフリカ、共産主義国家は、その関係を高めるために求めているの例は、当局が明らかにした
- Cuba eyes more self-employment as layoffs loom
With government plans afoot to slash as many as one million jobs -- or 20 percent of communist Cuba's work force -- from state payrolls, President Raul Castro said he would allow more small private businesses.The economy, 95 percent of which is currently in state hands, does not have the ability to absorb such vast numbers of jobless. Castro's move aims to try to reduce the socioeconomic fallout, but it will be an uphill battle. 政府は進行中の多くの100万として雇用する - または20％共産主義キューバの労働力の - 状態名簿からスラッシュする予定で、大統領はラウルカストロは、彼ができると述べたより小さなプライベートbusinesses.The経済、95％が、現在では状態の手が、能力を失業のような膨大な数を吸収する必要はありません
- May Europe's multicultural new generation succeed where we failed | Loretta Napoleoni
Writing to her son, Loretta Napoleoni looks forward to a continent breaking free of history's straitjacketDear Julian,Next year you're 18 and will leave secondary school, no doubt excited and at the same time worried. For the average European teenager, the future must look both bleak and exciting at the moment. Joblessness, mountains of debt, prophecies of monetary meltdown and the rare prospect of a secure professional career muddy the view.Thirty-five years ago a generation of school leavers – your parents – looked at a future equally thrilling and bleak. Coming of age in the shadow of nuclear holocaust and terrorism, this generation had to make do with double-digit inflation and unemployment.And yet it also sparked a sexual revolution, embraced communism and anti-conformism. In the 1970s, this generation also took to the streets, yelling anti-government slogans, opposing school reforms considered backward and elitist. It demanded free access to university in a continent equally on the brink of political collapse. Then the iron curtain was raised, Germany accomplished its long-lasting dream of reunification, and Europe even overcame the energy crisis. In the mid-1980s European economies had started growing again and enjoyed what appeared to be a long period of stability. But all that turned out to be one gigantic illusion.Almost everyone – politicians and bankers alike – abused what shy recovery there was, profited from deregulation and offshoring, outsourced jobs abroad while dismantling the remnants of the welfare state at home. In just one generation, income inequalities threw us back to the inter-war years, preparing the ground for a new great depression, only this time right on our doorstep.What went wrong? Our endemic desire to be part of an elite, to be differe 彼女の息子への書き込み、ロレッタNapoleoniを使用すると、18している中学校を残して歴史のstraitjacketDearジュリアンの自由を壊す大陸、来年、興奮は間違いないと心配して、同時に楽しみにしています
- US to hit North Korea with more sanctions
The Obama administration is seeking to add pressure on North Korea by announcing expanded and strengthened sanctions against the communist-led government and its nuclear weapons programme. In the past, similar tactics have been... オバマ政権が発表し、北朝鮮に圧力を加えることを目指して拡大し、共産主義主導の政府と核プログラムに対する制裁を強化した
- From the archive, 25 October 1980: An observer of ferment
Originally published in the Guardian on 25 October 1980Lord Carrington, our Foreign Secretary, will spend the coming week in Budapest and Warsaw. He goes at a crucial and confused time. Although his trip was scheduled long before Poland's continuing crisis, he will be the first Western statesman to visit the country since the upheavals. When the visit was first mooted Lord Carrington no doubt assumed that he would be talking to his hosts about Afghanistan and the Madrid conference called to review progress on the pledges signed at Helsinki in 1975. Since then, of course, the world has moved a little.Poland has a new leadership, pledged to reformist policies. The most obviously corrupt and anti-democratic elements in the party are being purged and there are promises of more fundamental purging to come. Parliament, the press and the Church have flexed their muscles. So, above all, has the Polish working class, which now has its first genuinely independent trade union movement, Solidarity, in the history of international communism. The crucial debate between Solidarity and the state over how explicitly the new unions will recognise the leading role of the party is still being argued out inside the Warsaw district court and in the streets outside the court house.But, whatever the eventual outcome, Solidarity exists, has many millions of members and is not subject to the dictates of political commissars, home grown or made in Moscow. Short of suppression on a scale not seen in Eastern Europe since 1956, there can be no turning back.Nor, as long as Solidarity continues to accept the socialist basis of the economy and the leading role of the party, has the Government given any open indication that it wishes to turn back. If Poland's neighbours leave well alone, all that remain もともと10月25日1980Lordキャリントンガーディアン紙に掲載、我々の外務次官は、ブダペスト、ワルシャワで来週を過ごすことになります
- China orders journalists to retrain in communist theory
China wants to crack down on press freedom and introduce a new training system that requires journalists to train in Marxist and communist theories of news.Li Dongdong, deputy director of the General Administration of Press andPublication, told the South China Morning Post that some mainland reporters were giving Chinese journalism a bad name because they were not properly trained. Under communist theories of journalism, media should support the leadership rather than operate as a watchdog.The initiative seems to be aimed at mainland journalists only.Chinese officials already routinely censor journalists, but Chinese media has become less restricted in recent years as they have gained more revenue from independent sources via advertising. In 2008, Li Changqing was awarded the World Association of Newspapers Golden Pen of Press Freedom award after serving a three-year jail sentence imposed by Chinese authorities for reporting on an outbreak of dengue fever in Fuzhou province in 2004 before authorities had admitted it. Sources: South China Morning Post (registration required)/ APPress freedomJournalism educationChinaNewspapersNewspapers & magazinesStephen Brookguardian.co.uk © Guardian News & Media Limited 2010 | Use of this content is subject to our Terms & Conditions | More Feeds
中国報道の自由を取り締まるように、そのジャーナリストnews.Liトンドンは、一般的な管理を押しandPublicationの次長のマルクス主義者と共産主義の理論では訓練を必要とする新しい教育システムを導入したいのサウスチャイナモーニングポスト紙は、いくつかの大陸の記者中国のジャーナリズムの悪い名があるため、適切に訓練されていないを与えている
- 24 City
The effects of communism's collapse on a group of Chinese factory workers are explored in a fascinating semi-documentaryThis riveting Chinese semi-documentary uses interviews with real factory workers and composite figures played by well-known actors to trace half a century of life in Chengdu, an ugly, polluted industrial city in Sichuan province. In 1958, 4,000 employees were shifted there from the north-east when a secret government establishment for manufacturing and servicing military equipment was relocated for strategic purposes. For years the employees received higher pay and superior education and health benefits to the area's natives, but these gradually declined in changing times, and two years ago the site was sold for luxury housing and a shopping mall.It's a desperately sad story about the collapse or betrayal of communism and the fate of its victims, though it's not that different from life under capitalism as reported by Michael Moore in his documentaries set in Detroit and other parts of America's industrial Rust Belt. The most moving sequence cuts between a chorus of women singing the Internationale and the final demolition of the factory, ending in a thick cloud of dust and debris.DramaWorld cinemaChinaPhilip Frenchguardian.co.uk © Guardian News & Media Limited 2010 | Use of this content is subject to our Terms & Conditions | More Feeds
中国の工場労働者のグループに共産主義の崩壊の影響は、魅力的な半documentaryThisリベット中国半ドキュメンタリー模索されます実際の工場労働者と複合図形有名な俳優が成都での生活の半世紀をトレースするプレイして、インタビューを使用して四川省で醜い、汚染工業都市
- Lee Huan obituary
Former premier of Taiwan who played a key role in the 1970sLee Huan, the former premier of the Republic of China on Taiwan, who has died aged 93, played an important role during Taiwan's transition from a one-party state under martial law to a semi-democracy. His greatest contribution to political life in Taiwan was during the 1970s and 80s, when he occupied key positions in the ruling nationalist Kuomintang (KMT) party, and in the reformist government under Lee's great political mentor, President Chiang Ching-kuo, son of Chiang Kai-shek.Lee was born on the mainland, in Hubei province, central China, and was educated at Fudan University in Shanghai, where he studied law, and then, in the late 1940s, at Columbia University, New York. On the defeat of the nationalists by the communists in 1949, he moved to Taiwan island, where the Republic of China continued in power. The mass movement of so many mainlanders to Taiwan, while it ensured the survival of the Chiang Kai-shek regime, came at a high price for the native Taiwanese, whose initial opposition to such a huge inward migration was met with brutal suppression. In his early career in the KMT government, Lee served as head of the China Youth Corps and Chair of the National Youth Commission. Later, he was the first president of the National Sun Yat-Sen University.It was only in the 1970s that Chiang, elevated to be president three years before his father's death, realised that Taiwan's loss of its seat at the UN in 1971 to the People's Republic of China, and its international isolation, meant that its political structures needed to be strengthened. Lee articulated these new objectives, in a speech for which he was criticised by hardliners in the KMT, as pushing for democracy and promoting freedom of the press. Over the ne 93歳で死亡した1970sLeeフアン、台湾、中国共和国の元首相で、重要な役割を果たした台湾の元首相が、半に戒厳令下の一党の状態から、台湾の移行時に重要な役割を果たして民主化
- Somali pirates and the morality of ransoms | Andrew Brown
The ransom paid to free Paul and Rachel Chandler has been widely criticised. But paying for hostages has a long historyRansoming prisoners – a practice in the news now because of Paul and Rachel Chandler – has been so common in so many societies that it is odd that we now regard it as immoral. The payment of ransoms was central to medieval warfare: when King Henry V ordered a massacre of his prisoners at the battle of Agincourt in 1415, one objection was that it impoverished everyone who had hoped to profit by the prisoners he had taken. Yet by 1500 the practice seems to have died out in European warfare. It lingered in the Mediterranean, where the ransoming of galley slaves continued for as long as maritime power depended on them. Even after that, Muslim pirates raided widely along the European coasts, as far north as Iceland. More than a million slaves were taken in this way between 1530 and 1780. All of them might be ransomed if they did not convert to Islam, and many were. That is the origin of the Roman Catholic redemptorist orders. The nearest large-scale modern equivalent was the practice of the West German government, before the fall of communism, of buying out from Eastern Europe and from Russia (though not, of course, from East Germany) ethnic Germans who were entitled under the constitution to citizenship. Romania, for example, charged between 5,000 and 8,000DM for every ethnic German allowed to emigrate between 1978 and 1989.The ransoming of slaves and prisoners of war can be distinguished from straightforward kidnapping for ransom, which seems always and everywhere to have been despised. But was it necessarily immoral? The modern objection is that ransoming prisoners is wrong because it provides incentives to the kidnappers. This has been raised against gov 身代金は無料でポールに支払われたレイチェルチャンドラーは広く批判されている
- Spy swap: John le Carré watches the exchange
The creator of George Smiley looks on as Russian and US agents are swapped in the largest such event since the cold warWhich Russia did these deluded spy-babies fantasise about when they played under the bedclothes with their top-of-the-range spy toys, cleared their magic dead-letter boxes, dispatched their magic microdots, and lied away their lives to their friends, neighbours and lovers?Whose great cause did they imagine they were serving, these virtual martyrs who are about to be sent home in disgrace to the breast of Mother Russia? Were the ghosts of Russia's past whispering to them, or the ghosts of her future? Was it the old, fervent, unawakened Russia that dreams of Josef Stalin's second coming that they imagined they were serving? The tsars of the Holy Russian Empire brought alive according to the prophecies? Or was it the unholy-Russian-Empire-in-the-Sky that floats above the kleptocratic Kremlin of Vladimir Putin?Once upon a time spies had motives. There was capitalism and there was communism. You could choose. And all right, there was the money and the sex and the blackmail, and needing to get your own back on your superiors by betraying them when you'd been passed over for promotion, and there was the God-feeling, and playing the world's game, and the whole familiar repertoire of noble and grubby motives, but in the end you either spied for a cause or against it.But what in heaven's name was their cause? Who did they think they were protecting in their distorted, programmed little minds as they tried and tried again, unsuccessfully, to slither up the slippery pole of western society? What was there to choose between Mother Russia and Mother America, two huge continents out of control drowning together in the oily waters of capitalism? Was it really only the ジョージスマイリーの作成者は寒さwarWhichロシアは、これらの妄想スパイ赤ちゃんはときに彼らは最高級の範囲のスパイおもちゃで寝具の下でプレー想像するかて以来、ロシアと米国のエージェントが最大のようなイベントにスワップさとして、上に見える、彼らの魔法のデッド文字ボックスをクリアさ、その魔法のドットを派遣し、誰大きな原因は、彼らは、約の恥に家を送信されるこれらの仮。殉教者を提供していた想像のですか？彼らの友人、隣人や恋人に自分たちの生活を離れて嘘をついた母なるロシアの胸？彼らに、または彼女の将来の幽霊ロシアの過去のささやき声の幽霊だったの？ 、熱烈な、古いロシアを覚醒していないことだったことの夢スターリンの2番目は、彼らが提供していた想像来る？聖ロシア帝国のツァーリが生きて予言によると来たの？それとも、それkleptocraticクレムリンプーチン上記のフロート邪悪なロシア帝国インスカイだった？時間スパイ昔の動機があった
- China lunar probe blasts off
BEIJING - China on Friday celebrated 61 years of communist rule with the launch of its second lunar probe -- the next step in its ambitious programme to become the second country to put a man on the moon. 北京 - マンオンザムーンを配置する2番目の国になるため、その野心的なプログラムの次のステップ - 中国は金曜日に、2番目の月のプローブを発表し、共産主義の61周年を迎えました
- Germany celebrates 20 years reunited
Germany's president called for better integration of the country's roughly four million Muslims Sunday, as he praised those who defeated communism to pave the way for reunification 20 years ago. 彼は誰が20年前に統一の道を切り開くことと共産主義を敗北させたものを賞賛としてのドイツの大統領は、同国の大きく四つ万人のイスラム教徒日曜日のより良い統合を呼びかけた
- Family not sold on idea of Ceausescu ads
What's in a name? The Ceausescus think a lot.Late Communist dictator Nicolae Ceausescu is the best-known Romanian of the last century, but his notoriety isn't the first thing you'd think ad makers would swoop on when promoting... 何名ですか？ Ceausescus lot.Late共産主義独裁者チャウシェスク最高の20世紀のルーマニア語知られている、と思う彼の悪評をするときに促進する上での広告メーカー希望急襲だろうと思うの最初のものではありません...
- Huang Hua obituary
An eminent diplomat, he re-established China's links to the USFor more than half a century, the diplomat and statesman Huang Hua, who has died aged 97, played a pivotal role in communist China's relations with the international community. In the early 1970s he was key in facilitating the rapprochement between the People's Republic of China and the US, reopening relations after their effective termination in 1949.In 1971 Huang was sent to meet Henry Kissinger, the US secretary of state, who had been mandated by President Richard Nixon to take the lead on these exploratory talks. Transcripts released by the US several decades later showed Huang to be an effective, sharp operator, more than able to hold his own with the clever and devious Kissinger. By late 1971, a deal for the re-establishment of relations had been struck, leading to Nixon's groundbreaking visit to Beijing in 1972.Huang's reward for this work was to be appointed the first People's Republic of China representative to the UN when the country took up its seat there, supplanting the Republic of China on Taiwan. In 1976 Huang returned to Beijing, where he was made foreign minister. He was able to survive the upheavals associated with the purge of the Gang of Four leaders, being trusted enough by the newly emergent Deng Xiaoping not only to remain as foreign minister, but also to serve concurrently as a state councillor and vice-premier until the mid-1980s, when he retired from all of these positions.The son of a teacher, Huang was born Wang Rumei, just after the fall of the Qing dynasty, in the province of Hebei, which surrounds Beijing. He studied at Yanjing University in Beijing, and joined the Communist party in 1936, just before the war with Japan, which was to devastate the countr 著名な外交官は、彼が97歳で死亡したUSFor半世紀以上、外交官や政治家黄華、再確立された中国のリンクは、国際社会と共産主義の中国との関係において重要な役割を果たしている
- Syed Mohammed Naseer obituary
My father, Professor Syed Mohammed Naseer, who has died aged 81, was a teacher and leftwing thinker of unwavering commitment. Though he spent most of his life in Pakistan, he was born in Rai Bareli, Uttar Pradesh, south of India's border with Nepal. When independence and partition came in 1947, he was a student in the nearby city of Kanpur. The following year he became general secretary of the All India Students Federation, the student wing of the Communist party of India (CPI).In 1949 he became a CPI activist and was jailed till 1953, when he gained a BA as a private candidate. He then took an MA in economics, despite what one of his teachers pointed to as his three disqualifications – being a Muslim, a Shia and a communist. Syed left for Pakistan in 1955, and married Nargis Katoon. He was appointed a lecturer at Sindh College of Commerce, Hyderabad, that year, and in 1966 principal of New Aligarh College, in Tando Adam, to the northeast of the city. Further posts followed in Karachi, Sindh's – and Pakistan's – largest city, and in 1982 Syed gained a master's in education at Alcorn State University, Mississippi. After reaching normal retirement age, he continued to teach at universities in Karachi until the age of 80.India regarded him as a diehard revolutionary, and would not grant him a visa to return until 1999. The chief security adviser commented that a professor who had turned 70 could scarcely be considered a threat, which made his visit the subject of great newspaper and television interest.Syed wrote articles for the Pakistani press, and was popular in literary and scholarly circles, particularly with young writers. He regretted that the country was developing in ways that made literature less appealing to students, and that discouraged the political activism 81歳で死亡した私の父は、教授サイードモハメッドNaseer、教師と揺るぎないコミットメントの思想家を左翼
- Cuba's state-paid barbers get the snip over privatisation plan
HAVANA - Cuba has begun turning over some state-run barber shops and hair salons to their employees, a small but potentially significant step toward loosening the communist government's strict controls on the retail sector.The... ハバナは - キューバ、従業員、小売sector.Theに共産主義政府の厳格なコントロールを緩めるに向かっても潜在的に重要な小さな一歩にいくつかの国営理髪店や美容室をめくって始めている...
- No more cheap smokes for Cuban pensioners
HAVANA - A programme that provided state-subsidised cigarettes to Cuban seniors is headed for the ash heap.The communist government announced yesterday that it is cutting cigarettes from its monthly ration books from September... ハバナは - キューバ高齢者の状態の補助金たばこを提供してプログラムの共産主義政府は昨日、それが月。飼料の書籍から9月からたばこを切って発表した灰heap.Theに向かっている...
- Cuba eyes potential new wave of political prisoner releases
Cuba's Roman Catholic church announced that three more political prisoners would be freed soon, which could lead to a wave of releases of those not convicted of violent crimes and who are on international dissident lists.Next up for release are Ciro Perez Santana, 61; Arturo Suarez Ramos, 46; and Rolando Jimenez Posada, 41. They have agreed to emigrate to Spain from the Americas' only communist country, along with their relatives, a statement from the Havana archbishop's office said on Saturday. して、Arturo;キューバのローマカトリック教会は、3つ以上の政治囚がいると暴力的な犯罪の有罪判決を受けたが、これらのリリースの波につながる可能性がシロペレスサンタナは、61が誰のリリースのための国際的反体制派のlists.Next交流上にある、すぐに解放することを発表Suarezさんラモス、46、とローランドJimenezさんサダ、41
- Pakistan: a client of more than one state | Mustafa Qadri
China has been Pakistan's firmest ally for 60 years – and it is to Beijing that Islamabad looks to counterbalance the influence of western largessePakistan's special relationship with the United States may have taken centre stage since the attacks of 11 September 2001, but in China it has another enduring great power ally. With Pakistan's President Zardari returning from a visit of several days to China last week, it is worth considering the country's other asymmetrical alliance.China has been Pakistan's most reliable ally for six decades. Pakistan was quick to recognise China's communist regime a mere two years after it first came to power in 1949. Ever since, it has looked to the east Asian power to counterbalance its historical reliance on western geopolitical largesse.After the 1962 war between China and India, the US supplied India for the first time with substantial arms, creating profound disenchantment among the Pakistani military leadership. That disenchantment led Pakistan to seek Chinese military aid.In the last two decades the economic component of the alliance has taken centre stage. Pakistan has the potential to give China a land link to Middle Eastern energy reserves. A central reason for US involvement in the region is to maintain its global influence at a time when rivals are steadily if slowly emerging. None is larger than China. For China, an added element is developing a regional coalition against an increasingly pro-US India.Today, the relationship is not so culturally infused. As with so many other countries, China has been happy to develop defence and economic ties with Pakistan while avoiding criticism of its political situation. Perhaps the biggest friction of recent times has been over alleged Pakistan-based Islamist infiltration into China's r 中国は60年のパキスタンの堅固な同盟国となっている - そしてそれは北京には、イスラマバードの米国と西側largessePakistanの特別な関係の影響を相殺するための攻撃以来、センターステージを撮影したことがありますよう、中国2001年9月11日が、それは別のある大国の同盟国に耐え
- Fidel Castro's Potbelly amigo Max Marambio finds brother Raul Castro is not so friendly
Max Marambio had it all from the Cuba leader Fidel Castro. Now Raul Castro wants him on corruption chargesA globe-trotting guerrilla befriends a dictator, goes into business and makes a fortune but ends up accused of corruption and betrayal. How the story ends remains unclear, but Max Marambio's rise and apparent fall could already fill several novels – and shed light on Castro rule in Cuba.It begins in 1973. Marambio, pictured, a Chilean leftist and bodyguard for president Salvador Allende, flees to Havana after Augusto Pinochet overthrows his boss. Fidel Castro promotes the exile through the ranks of Cuba's special force guerrillas. Over time, Marambio swaps a Kalashnikov for a pen and sets up a company, Rio Zaza, in partnership with Cuba's communist authorities. The food and beverage enterprise thrives and makes the Chilean rich. His waistline expands along with his bank balance, earning the nickname Potbelly.After Pinochet leaves power, Marambio returns to Chile with a lavish lifestyle including a helicopter and ranch outside his home town of Santiago. He maintains a close friendship with Fidel. But last week it all went wrong. After months of investigation into Rio Zaza, Cuban authorities accused Marambio of bribery, fraud, embezzlement and falsifying documents. They demanded he appear before investigators by 29 July or face an international arrest warrant. Through his lawyer, Marambio protested innocence and said he would fly to Havana.In a regime as hermetic as Havana's, analysts were left guessing. Corruption rumours swirl round many companies in Cuba so why pick on Marambio's? And why now?One theory is that since succeeding his brother, Raúl Castro has emboldened auditors to go after big fish, regardless of links to the government. Other think Marambio was targ 最大マランビオはそれをすべてのキューバ指導者フィデルカストロから受けていた
- The appeal of the softer Jaroslaw Kaczynski to Poles | Kamil Tchorek
Kaczynski's cuddly makeover and welfare-protecting stance was nearly enough to make him the surprise winner of the presidencyI am filing from Tel Aviv, Warsaw's Israeli cafe-bar, which plays Jewish reggae and is decorated with homoerotic art. It is a controversial place for Poles, who come here to rant about whether there really should be this much garlic in the baba ghanoush.The Islingtonisation of the Polish capital is almost complete, and yesterday's presidential election is the strongest indication yet. With 95% of votes counted, the liberal Bronislaw Komorowski, on 52.6%, defeated his conservative rival Jaroslaw Kaczynski's 47.4%. The data is less important than the fact there was no vitriol in this campaign, which showed a general shift to the centre.Nobody predicted that Kaczynski would do so well. His short-lived, paranoid and aggressive coalition government (which included two bizarre fringe parties) was destroyed in Poland's 2007 general election. It seemed Kaczynski's popularity would never recover, and he trailed in polls for most of this year. However, since his late brother's tragic death on 10 April, Kaczynski convinced voters he is a changed man.Kaczynski has always been strongly pro-Jewish, especially since personal friends had to leave Poland in 1968, during an antisemitic purge masterminded by the communists. Aside from that single subject, he has been willing to flip-flop from one populist issue to another in bids for power. His recent tactics took the biscuit. When Kaczynski's campaigners used John Lennon's hippie anthem I laughed so hard that I fell off my chair – then realised the image makeover could win it for him. The all-new friendly Kaczynski said nice things to Germans, Russians and even the Polish left (whose rising star Grzegorsz Napierals カチンスキのかわいい変身福祉は立場の保護がほぼ彼presidencyIの驚きを受賞するのに十分なテルアビブ、ワルシャワのイスラエルのカフェバー、ユダヤ人のレゲエを果たしている同性愛アートで飾られてから申請いるんだ
- North Korea warns US to back off
HANOI - North Korea warned the United States and South Korea on Thursday to call off military exercises scheduled for this weekend and to back off any new sanctions against the communist country or risk placing the entire region in... ハノイ - 北朝鮮が日と軍事演習をこの週末にscheduled中止する共産主義国やリスク地域全体を関連する情報...置くagainst any新たな制裁をやめることを米国と韓国に警告
- Third spy arrested over assassination attempt in S.Korea
A third man has been arrested over a plot to assassinate a top ranking defector from North Korea, a report said Saturday.The man, whose family name is Han, was a former North Korean agent who has been living in South Korea since the 1960s, Yonhap news agency said, quoting prosecutors.His arrest came after a South Korean court on Thursday handed 10-year prison sentences to two North Korean agents who posed as fugitives from the communist state in a bid to assassinate Hwang Jang-Yop. 3番目の男がプロット上に、北朝鮮のレポートから1位。暗殺を逮捕されているその家族の名前ですハンSaturday.Theの男が、韓国では1960年代から住んでいる元韓国北朝鮮工作され、と連合の報道機関は、prosecutors.Hisの逮捕を引用して木曜日に、韓国の裁判所に共産主義国家から逃亡者として入。黄長燁を暗殺するには、脅威の2つの韓国北朝鮮工作員に懲役10年の文を手渡したと伝えた
- Letter: Basil Davidson obituary
Michael Barratt Brown writes: I first met Basil Davidson (obituary, 10 July) in Cairo in 1943, and established a lifelong friendship with him and his wife Marion. Basil was head of the Yugoslav section of the Special Operations Executive (SOE), and I was working for the Middle East Relief Administration, later the UN Relief and Rehabilitation Administration.Basil was dropped into occupied Yugoslavia, and when he came out of the territory of Vojvodina in 1944, I invited him to speak to our group of relief workers, based in Italy and preparing to go into Yugoslavia as and when the Germans retreated. What this tall man in immaculate battle dress and enormous boots had to tell us was of great importance. The food and medical supplies we were to take to the starving areas of Bosnia and Croatia were desperately needed, but we should recognise that the local authorities established by the partisans would be perfectly capable of ensuring their distribution in the fairest possible manner. As a result of this talk, some of the Americans present, who had expected to be in charge of relief distribution, returned to the US.Long after the event, Basil told me of something he had organised before he went to Yugoslavia. This was the recruitment into SOE of a number of Canadian communist sympathisers who were of Yugoslav origin and spoke the languages. Basil was able to organise this because he met Vlado Dedijer, a partisan colonel, who had been evacuated to a British hospital, and had a brother, Stefan, living in the US.The British and Soviet intelligence services had an agreement to exchange information during the war, so Basil was able to find the names of Canadians of military age who were Communist party members. He communicated these to Stefan, who smuggled himself マイケルバラットブラウン氏は書いている：私が最初にバジルデビッドソン（死亡、10月）カイロで1943年に、彼と彼の妻マリオンと生涯の友情を確立会った
- Angela Merkel punished by voters for dithering over Greek bailout
Exit polls in North Rhine Westphalia indicate Angela Merkel risks losing her majority in the upper house of parliament Angela Merkel suffered a bruising defeat in a key regional election as voters turned on her centre-right alliance after a campaign that was eclipsed by the Greek debt crisis.The German chancellor's Christian Democrats (CDU) dropped more than 10% in the election in North Rhine Westphalia, according to exit polls. The CDU, which polled 34.5%, and its coalition partner, the Free Democratic party (FDP) – which secured 6.5% – no longer have an outright majority.The defeat is likely to cast a shadow over the rest of the Merkel government's term in office. While the campaign was dominated by regional issues such as bankrupt municipalities and education funding, it was overshadowed by the international issue of debt-ridden Greece.Merkel was widely accused of delaying a decision over the massive Greek bailout for fear that she would isolate voters in North Rhine Westphalia. In the event it was her perceived dithering that is believed to have contributed to the CDU's loss of support, along with a local party funding scandal.Crucially for Merkel, the poll setback means that her coalition will now lose its majority in the Bundesrat, or upper house of parliament, which will make it far more difficult for her government to push through legislation.The opposition Social Democrats (SPD), which had run on a par with the CDU in the polls for some weeks, also appear to have won 34.5% of the vote (a loss of 2.6%), while the Greens increased their standing by 6.3% to 12.5% – not enough for the two to form a majority.The Linke – or Left – party, a relatively new political formation with its roots in the former communist East, increased its influence by securing 6%, enabling ノルトラインヴェストファーレンの出口調査ではメルケル首相は、国会の参院での有権者は彼女の中道右派連合は、ギリシャの債務危機を隠蔽されたキャンペーンの後になってとメルケル首相は、キー地方選挙であざ敗北を喫した彼女過半数を失うリスクを示すドイツのメルケル首相のキリスト教民主同盟は、同盟（CDU）ノルトラインヴェストファーレンの選挙では、終了世論調査によると10％以上下落した
- Michael Tomasky: American public a bunch of crazy socialists
Fascinating new poll I spotted via Greg Sargent shows that the American people are evidently a bunch of nutty left-wingers. Except for the predictable minority who aren't.The poll is from Gallup on what people think would constitute sensible energy/environmental policies. Now, to start with, it does turn out that 66% people still support offshore drilling but they are basically evenly divided between those who want to do more exploration for new wells and those who want to keep extant operations going but that's it. Only 22% want to ban it all.So far so reasonable. Now is where we get into the communistic part:Do you want to require utilities to expand renewables? Yes 87, No 9.Do you want tougher efficiency standards? Yes 78, No 17.Do you want limits on CO2? Yes 66, No 29.Do you want more oil, coal and gas exploration? Yes 68, No 26.Do you want more nuclear power? Yes 50, No 42.Okay. The real message here is that people want more energy, even the dirty kind, but they think the government should place limits on CO2. They're a little dubious of nuclear, but they want more power, starting with renewables. I'd like to meet that 9% eh? Actually, on second thought...Finally there's this. Is it more important to keep energy prices low or protect the environment?All: Environment 56, low prices 37.Dems: Env. 68, low 28.Indies: Env. 59, low 32.Reps: Low 52, env. 41.So the Republicans are out of step with the rest of the country, which says by substantial majorities that they'd pay higher prices for a better environment. Just like substantial majorities typically supported a public option, remember.To sum up then. Majorities of Americans want renewables, CO2 reductions, higher efficiency; and will pay higher prices.What are the odds the energy bill that comes out of the Senate in 私はグレッグサージェント経由で発見新しい投票を魅惑的な、アメリカ人は明らかにナッツ左右翼の束を示しています
- Thailand's unrest may unsettle region | Simon Tisdall
Without international help to reconcile the warring redshirts and Bangkok establishment, there is a wider security riskIf the clashes in Bangkok were transposed to central Paris, international commentators would be talking excitedly about revolution, class warfare, the future of the social contract, looming economic catastrophe and the end of democracy. Outside pressure to calm the situation would be immense.Thailand's latest tumults, which began in March, have failed to attract that level of interest, nor have they been afforded much importance in the wider world. But that may be changing as the country visibly struggles to avoid a descent into uncontrolled violence, even civil war.Despite a long history of military interference – the army has mounted 18 actual or attempted coups since 1933 – Thailand remains a democratic country with a parliamentary system and a constitutional monarch. It was the 2006 army coup ousting the elected prime minister, Thaksin Shinawatra, that initially triggered the present crisis.Thailand's continuing democratic example matters to Malaysia, to the south, where tensions over ethnic, civil and human rights sometimes produce autocratic responses, and even more so in Burma, to the north, where pro-democracy forces oppose a brutal military dictatorship. But sustaining Thai democracy also matters to Britain and other western countries, which look at a region increasingly influenced by the Chinese communist hegemony and wonder how long key states such as Indonesia, the world's most populous Muslim country, will uphold western democratic values and standards if neighbours discard them.The political, as well as physical, collision between the redshirts – a pro-Thaksin movement ostensibly representing the urban and rural poor – and establishment fo 、国際的なコメンテーターは興。革命については、階級闘争の話になる国際的な助けがなければ交戦赤シャツ隊、バンコクの確立を調整する、バンコクでの衝突はパリ中心部にトランスポーズされた広いセキュリティriskIfは、社会契約の将来の経済の大惨事を迫り来ると民主主義の終わり
- Letters: Black politics
Afua Hirsch's article about black (African Caribbean and Asian) representation in parliament was welcome in what has been a very white election campaign (My election, 27 April). She estimated that the current crop of 15 black MPs could rise to a couple of dozen after 6 May. But forgotten was that the historical breakthrough of 1987, when four black MPs were elected after an absence of more than 50 years (communist/Labour Shapurji Saklatvala lost his Battersea seat in 1929), was achieved as a result of the Labour party black sections struggle. In 1988, our members Diane Abbott, Bernie Grant and Keith Vaz combined forces with Lord Pitt to form the parliamentary black caucus, styled on the US organisation to which Barack Obama was later to belong.Paul Boateng MP refused to join, helping to trigger its eventual demise. Without a caucus, black MPs are just a bunch of careerist individuals. The statements of black MPs on race issues have been invisible. And on the illegal Iraq war and draconian terrorism laws – with the exception of Abbott – their voting records have badly let down Muslims and black people in general. They should not be surprised if some of them are punished at the ballot box. After the election I hope the new intake will form, once more, a collective voice able to articulate the concerns and aspirations of black communities. They will remain irrelevant to black people's politics if they do not.Marc WadsworthChair, Labour party black sections (1986-88)Race issuesEqualityGeneral election 2010Diane AbbottKeith Vazguardian.co.uk © Guardian News & Media Limited 2010 | Use of this content is subject to our Terms & Conditions | More Feeds
黒についてAfuaハーシュの記事（アフリカカリブ海、アジア）の議会での表。歓迎していた非常に白選挙（マイ選挙されているか4月27日）
- 'McFat tax' plan proving hard to stomach
BUCHAREST - For post-communist Romanians a Big Mac and soft drink meant much more than a meal. It was a culinary signpost from the free and capitalist West - a sign they too, at last, had arrived.But modernity requires something... ブカレストの投稿-は共産主義ルーマニアのビッグマックやソフトドリンクの多くの食事よりも意味する
- Jyoti Basu obituary
Veteran communist politician who nearly became prime minister of IndiaJyoti Basu, who has died aged 95, was one of the last Indian politicians whose careers started before the end of British rule. He was a stalwart of the much-fractured communist movement, but his devout socialism was tempered by pragmatism and an unerring political instinct. He was chief minister of his beloved West Bengal state for more than 23 continuous years – longer by far than any other chief minister of any Indian state.That remarkable tenure was made possible by Basu's towering popularity, the result of seven decades of public and political service, most of it in Kolkata (or Calcutta, as it was known for most of his long life). He could have gone to the very top, as India's first communist prime minister in the mid-1990s, but his chance evaporated when his Communist Party of India (Marxist) (CPM) decided to boycott the United Front coalition, which went on to rule under HD Deve Gowda of the Janata Dal. Basu thought the boycott a calamitous mistake, but true to style he remained steadfastly loyal to his party.Jyoti Kiran Basu (the middle name was quickly dropped) was born into a well-to-do Hindu family. His father, a respectable doctor, was later horrified by Jyoti's choice of a political career, and even more by his choice of party. But the boy's early years were comfortably uneventful. He was educated in private schools and graduated from Presidency College, Kolkata, before sailing to Britain in 1935 to study law.There, he became fascinated by leftist theory and practice. He attended lectures by Harold Laski, and got involved with the Communist Party of Great Britain. He wanted to join the party, but was dissuaded by its general secretary Harry Pollitt, who knew the young Indian could get into ベテランの共産主義の政治家、ほぼIndiaJyoti Basu氏は95歳で死去したの首相となり、その1つのキャリア、英国の支配が終わる前に最後に起動したインドの政治家だった
- Freed missionary home from North Korea
LOS ANGELES - An American missionary who strode illegally into North Korea on Christmas Day and was detained by the communist regime for 43 days was welcomed back to the United States yesterday in an emotional reunion with family... ロサンゼルス発-米国人不法に北朝鮮にクリスマスとstrideの過去形43日間の共産主義政権によって拘束された宣教師の米国が12日に家族と一緒に感情的な再会に戻っ歓迎され...
- To live and die with Hun Sen
From his days spent as a Khmer Rouge cadre to his rough-and-tumble rise through the ranks of the communist state established by the invading Vietnamese, Cambodia's Prime Minister Hun Sen has deftly adapted to master new surroundings. His 25 years in power have been marred by corruption and human-rights scandals, but his firebrand rhetoric and perceived ruthlessness keep the public very much in awe of him. - Paul Vrieze (Jan 21, '10) その日は共産主義国、カンボジアのフンセン首相、巧みに新しい環境をマスターするに適応している侵略ベトナム語、設立の仲間入りを介して彼の荒いと転落上昇するクメールルージュの幹部として過ごしたから
- Former Tiananmen leader jailed in China
Zhou Yongjun, a former leader of student protests in Tiananmen Square, sentenced to nine years on fraud charge, lawyer saysA former Chinese democracy movement leader who was handed over to mainland China from Hong Kong – some say illegally – has been sentenced to nine years in prison on a charge of attempted fraud, his lawyer said today.Zhou Yongjun was sentenced last Friday in the south-western city of Shehong after an initial hearing on 19 November, Chen Zerui told the Associated Press.He was also fined 80,000 yuan (£7,200), but planned to appeal against his conviction, Chen said.A duty officer reached by phone at the court confirmed Zhou's conviction, but said he had no knowledge of the sentence or other details.Zhou captured global attention in 1989 by kneeling on the steps of the Great Hall of the People beside Tiananmen Square in a plea for China's communist leaders to acknowledge student calls for political reforms and an end to corruption.Hundreds, possibly thousands, of people are believed to have been killed in the army's crackdown on the demonstrations. Many veterans of the movement who were not exiled continue to suffer government harassment.Zhou had been living in the United States since smuggling himself out of China in 1993, but was arrested in August 2008 while attempting to enter Hong Kong on a fake Malaysian passport bearing the name Wang Xingxiang.Supporters say he was planning to return to mainland China to visit his elderly parents. They accuse Hong Kong's government of violating its own laws in sending him to the mainland.Hong Kong was handed back to China in 1997 but maintains its British colonial era legal system and lacks a deportation and removal treaty with mainland China.Details of the charges against Zhou remain murky, as is common in China' 周Yongjun、天安門広場での学生デモ、9年に詐欺罪で刑の元指導者、弁護士saysA元中国民主化運動指導者、中国本土、香港から手渡されました-いくつかの違法と言う-九年に言い渡されている詐欺未遂の罪で刑務所、彼の弁護士today.Zhou Yongjunした先週の金曜日に南に宣告された西部の都市11月19日最初の聴聞会の後Shehongの陳Zeruiされたにも（£ 80000元の罰金関連Press.Heだ7200）が、自身の信念で、携帯電話によっては、裁判所に達し、陳said.A当直士官アピールするために計画、周の信念を確認したが、彼は1989年にひざまずいて世界の注目を浴びたの文やその他のdetails.Zhouのない知識を持っている中国の共産主義の指導者のための嘆願書を人民大会堂、天安門広場の横にある人々の手順とcorruption.Hundredsに終わり、おそらく、人々の軍の取り締まりで死亡されていると考えられている何千もの政治改革のための学生の呼び出しを認識するデモ
- Letters: Cabinet was supine over the Iraq war
Richard Gott is right to compare Tony Blair with Neville Chamberlain (Letters, 14 January), but their respective cabinets provide an illuminating contrast. Although prime ministers usually have an advantage in determining policies during emergencies, the cabinet should come into its own when the decision-making process is drawn out, allowing plenty of notice over possible options. This is what happened in the spring of 1939, when a cabinet of anti-communist ministers nonetheless forced Chamberlain to open negotiations with the Soviet Union for a possible alliance against Hitler. That it was by then too late to achieve that end does not change the fact that a strong prime minister reluctantly followed the collective will of his colleagues on a major foreign policy issue. In similar circumstances, in the slow build-up to a possible war, the Blair cabinet showed itself to be wholly supine. The account given to the Chilcot inquiry by the ex-cabinet secretary Andrew Turnbull suggests that senior ministers (notably Gordon Brown, whose opposition to the war would have been decisive) were guilty of a dereliction of their constitutional duty.Christopher Hill Professor of international relations, University of CambridgeIraq war inquiryAdolf HitlerGordon BrownTony Blairguardian.co.uk © Guardian News & Media Limited 2010 | Use of this content is subject to our Terms & Conditions | More Feeds
リチャードゴットネヴィルチェンバレンと1月14日）が、それぞれのキャビネット照明コントラストを提供する（手紙、トニーブレア首相と比較することが望ましい
- THE ALFEE / On The Border
the alfee / on the border
90年「arcadia」収録
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